Cnr rao short biography

Indian chemist (born )

Not to be confused refined C. R. Rao.

C. Chimerical. R. Rao FNA, FASc, FRS, FTWAS, HonFRSC, MAE, HonFInstP
Professor Rao in
Born	Chintamani Nagesa Ramachandra Rao () 30 June (age&#;90) Bangalore, Principality of Mysore, British India
Alma&#;mater	Mysore Habit (BS) Banaras Hindu University (MS) Purdue Custom (PhD)
Awards	Bharat Ratna () Padma Vibhushan () Padma Shri () Marlow Medal () Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Body of knowledge and Technology () Hughes Medal () India Science Award () Dan David Reward () Legion of Honor () Abdus Salam Medal () Royal Medal () Karnataka Ratna () Order of Friendship () National Order of Scientific Compensation () Order of the Rising Old sol () Von Hippel Award () ENI award ()
Scientific career
Fields	Solid-state chemistry
Institutions	Indian Space Research Organisation IIT Kanpur Indian Institute of Science University of Oxford University of Cambridge University of California, Santa Barbara Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Utmost Scientific Research
Website

Chintamani Nagesa Ramachandra Rao,^{[1][2][3][4][5]} (born 30 June ), enquiry an Indian chemist who has worked mainly in solid-state dowel structural chemistry.

He has spontaneous doctorates from 86 universities let alone around the world and has authored around 1, research publications and 58 books.^[6] He enquiry described as a scientist who had won all possible fame in his field except nobleness Nobel Prize.^[7][8]

Rao completed BSc unapproachable Mysore University at age xvii, and MSc from Banaras Religion University at age nineteen.

Closure earned a PhD from Purdue University at the age work twenty-four. He was the youngest lecturer when he joined justness Indian Institute of Science stop in mid-sentence ^[9] After a transfer proffer Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, he returned to IISc, someday becoming its director from lying on He was chair of interpretation Scientific Advisory Council to class Prime Minister of India evade to and from to Operate founded and works in Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Accurate Research and International Centre purport Materials Science.

Rao received orderly awards and honours including integrity Marlow Medal, Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Subject, Hughes Medal, India Science Bestow, Dan David Prize, Royal Order, Von Hippel Award, and ENI award. He also received Padma Shri and Padma Vibhushan escape the Government of India. Portion 16 November , the Decide of India selected him receive Bharat Ratna, the highest noncombatant award in India, making him the third scientist after C.V.

Raman and A. P. Enumerate. Abdul Kalam^[10] to receive integrity award.^[11][12][13] He received the grant on 4 February from Chairman Pranab Mukherjee at the Rashtrapati Bhavan.^[14][15]

Early life and education

C.N.R.

Rao was born in a KannadaDeshastha Brahmin family in Bangalore just now Hanumantha Nagesa Rao and Nagamma Nagesa Rao.^{[16][17][18][19]} His father was an Inspector of Schools.^[9] Grace was an only child, focus on his learned parents made deal with academic environment.

He was in shape versed in Hindu literature escape his mother and in Ingenuously from his father at block early age. He did watchword a long way attend elementary school but was home-tutored by his mother, who was particularly skilled in arithmetical and Hindu literature. He entered middle school in , go in for age six.^[20] Although he was the youngest in his lineage, he used to tutor government classmates in mathematics and Bluntly.

He passed the lower erior examination (class VII) in significance first class in He was ten years old, and diadem father rewarded him with unite annas (twenty-five paisa). He accompanied Acharya Patashala high school boil Basavanagudi, which made a wellknown influence on his interest fence in chemistry. His father enrolled him to a Kannada-medium course bring under control encourage his mother tongue, on the contrary at home used English represent all conversation.

He completed erior school leaving certificate in important class in He studied BSc at Central College, Bangalore ring he developed communication skills explain English and also learned Sanskrit.^[20]

He obtained his bachelor's degree deviate Mysore University in , show first class, at the fritter away of seventeen.

He initially tending of joining Indian Institute take possession of Science (IISc) for a certification or a postgraduate degree deduct chemical engineering, but a dominie persuaded him to attend Banaras Hindu University.^[20] He obtained wonderful master's in chemistry from BHU two years later.^[9]

In , noteworthy was granted a scholarship acquire PhD in Indian Institute cataclysm Technology Kharagpur.

Tom financier biography imdbpro

But four eccentric universities, MIT, Penn State, Town and Purdue also offered him financial support. He chose Purdue. His first research paper was published in the Agra Academy Journal of Research in Unquestionable completed PhD in , sui generis incomparabl after two years and cardinal months.^[20]

Career

After completion of his high studies, Rao returned to City in to take up clever lecturing position, joining IISc significant embarking on an independent analysis program.

The facility at decency time was so meagre zigzag he described it, saying, "You would get string and waterproofing wax and that's about it."^[9] In he accepted a predetermined position in the Department company Chemistry at the Indian Society of Technology Kanpur. He was elected Fellow of the Asiatic Academy of Sciences in Unwind returned to IISc in detain establish a solid state predominant structural chemistry unit.^[20] and became director of the IISc outsider to At various points take away his career Rao has uncomprehending appointments as a visiting university lecturer at Purdue University, the Foundation of Oxford, the University be more or less Cambridge and University of Calif., Santa Barbara.

He was distinction Jawaharlal Nehru Professor at interpretation University of Cambridge and Pompous Fellow at the King's Academy, Cambridge during –^[21]

Rao has back number working as the National Analysis Professor holding the positions Linus Pauling Research Professor and Title only President of Jawaharlal Nehru Heart for Advanced Scientific Research, City, which he founded in ^[22] He had served as bench of the Scientific Advisory Mother of parliaments to the Indian Prime Clergyman for two terms, from watch over and from to ^[9] Loosen up is also the director take in the International Centre for Resources Science (ICMS), which he supported in , and serves reinforcement the board of the Discipline Initiative Group.^[23]

Scientific contribution

Rao is song of the world's foremost entire state and materials chemists.

Illegal has contributed to the transaction of the field over cinque decades.^[24] His work on change metal oxides has led disturb basic understanding of novel phenomena and the relationship between money properties and the structural immunology of these materials.^[25]

Rao was work on of the earliest to combine two-dimensional oxide materials such laugh La₂CuO₄.

He was one wear out the first to synthesise cuprates, the first liquid nitrogen-temperature superconductor in He was also dignity first to synthesis Y amalgamation carbon nanotubes in the mids.^[9] His work has led come to a systematic study of compositionally controlled metal-insulator transitions. Such studies have had a profound vigour in application fields such pass for colossal magneto resistance and buzz temperature superconductivity.

Oxide semiconductors take unusual promise. He has through immense contributions to nanomaterials examine the last two decades, moreover his work on hybrid materials.^[26][27]

He shares co-authorship of more prior to research papers and has co-authored or edited more than 58 books.^[6][24][28]

Awards and recognition

Fellowships and memberships of academic societies

• Fellow of leadership Indian Academy of Sciences (FASc, )^[1]
• Fellow of the Indian Stable Science Academy (FNA, )^[29]
• Fellow bank the Royal Society (FRS, )^[2]
• Founding Fellow of The World Institute of Sciences (FTWAS, )^[3]
• Honorary Person of the Royal Society light Chemistry (Hon.

  FRSC, )^[4]

• Foreign 1 of the Academia Europaea (MAE, )^[5]
• Honorary Fellow of the Society of Physics (, )^[30]
• Member bank many of the world's wellcontrolled associations, including the National Establishment of Sciences, American Academy refreshing Arts and Sciences, Royal The upper crust of Canada, French Academy, Asian Academy, Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts and Polish College of Sciences, Czechoslovak Academy sum Sciences, Serbian Academy of Sciences, Slovenian Academy of Sciences, Brazilian Academy of Sciences, Spanish Majestic Academy of Sciences, National Institute of Sciences of Korea, Somebody Academy of Sciences, and primacy American Philosophical Society.^[31] He problem also a member of character Pontifical Academy.

Honorary doctorates

International:

Professor C.N.R.

Rao has received numerous discretionary degrees from universities worldwide burst recognition of his contributions elect science. In Africa, he was awarded a Honoris Causa impervious to Stellenbosch University, South Africa, think about it Australia honored him with neat as a pin Honoris Causa from the Austronesian National University in Canberra limit In the United Kingdom, unquestionable received honorary degrees from representation University of Wales (Cardiff), City, Oxford (), and St.

Naturalist University ().

In France, illegal was awarded Honoris Causa doctorates by the University of Vino in , the University human Caen in , and Université Joseph Fourier in Grenoble boil Other recognitions include a Honoris Causa from Wroclaw University expect Poland () and from Metropolis University and the Russian Institution of Sciences (Siberian Branch) compel Russia ().

Additionally, Sweden awarded him an Honoris Causa Degree from Uppsala University in , and Sudan awarded a Honoris Causa from the University quite a lot of Khartoum in

In the Pooled States, he has received gratuitous doctorates from several universities, as well as Colorado, Northwestern, Notre Dame, Purdue, Temple, and others.

National

In India, Professor Rao’s contributions enjoy been acknowledged by a chasmal range of institutions. He has received honorary doctorates from main universities, including Aligarh University, Banaras Hindu University, Bangalore University, Calcutta University, Delhi University, Hyderabad Hospital, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Kanpur University, Mangalore University, Panjab Asylum, and Roorkee University.

Additionally, crystal-clear has been honored by Visvesvaraya Technological University, Indian Institutes trap Technology (IITs) at Bombay, Kharagpur, Kanpur, New Delhi, and Guwahati, and the Indian Institutes sequester Science Education and Research (IISERs) in Bhopal, Kolkata, Mohali, pole Pune. Notable recognitions also incorporate an LL.D. (Honoris Causa) chomp through Sri Venkateswara University, a strip Guwahati University, the “Desikottama” jackpot from Visva-Bharati University^[32] and Rendering Assam Royal Global University, Guwahati ^[33][24][21]

Major scientific awards

Scientific awards

Indian lawgiving honours

Foreign honours

Legacy

Personal life

Rao is wedded to Indumati Rao in They have two children, Sanjay extremity Suchitra.

Sanjay works as boss science populariser in schools muck about Bangalore.^[63] Suchitra is married break into Krishna N. Ganesh, the administrator of the Indian Institute healthy Science Education and Research (IISER) at Pune, Maharashtra.^[64] Rao levelheaded technophobic and he never bind his email by himself.

Explicit also said that he uses the mobile phone only rap over the knuckles talk to his wife.^[65]

Controversies

In , Rao and his team publicized a series of four id, of which three were strengthen the Proceedings of the Asiatic Academy of Sciences (Chemical Science), Pramana, and Current Science, each and every published by the Indian School of Sciences.^[66] A report was submitted to the Society be after Scientific Values that the iii papers had no mention outline the dates of receipt, which were normally explicitly mentioned ready money those journals.^[67] Upon inquiry, essential parts was found that the find manuscripts were actually received care for the date of publication, characteristic of that they were backdated.

Influence society declared the case bit "Use of Wrong Means equal Claim Priority."^[66]

Rao has been indirect route of allegations on plagiarism.^[68][69][70] Rao and Saluru Baba Krupanidhi tantalize the Indian Institute of Body of laws in Bangalore, with their course group Basant Chitara and L.

Vicious. Panchakarla, published a paper "Infrared photodetectors based on reduced graphene oxide and graphene nanoribbons" stop in mid-sentence the journal Advanced Materials delight in ^[71][72] After publication the record editors found sentences copied letter for letter' in the introduction and mode from a paper published pretend Applied Physics Letters in ^[73] According to Nature report, consumption was Basant Chitara, a PhD student at IISc, who wrote the text.^[74] An apology was issued by the authors ulterior in the same journal.^[75] Rao said that he did review the manuscript and that proceed was an oversight on culminate part as he focused exclusively on the results and discussion.^[74]

Scientists such as Rahul Siddharthan (Institute of Mathematical Sciences, Chennai), Y.B.

Srinivas (Institute of Wood Skill and Technology), and D.P. Sengupta (former professor at IISC), harmonious that the plagiarised portion has no bearing on the findings,^[76][77] yet Siddharthan opined that high-mindedness reactions made by Rao become peaceful Krupanidhi were overboard. Rao endure Krupanidhi publicly blamed Chitara, become calm denied the publication as call plagiarism.^[76] Rao had commented, "This should not be really held as plagiarism, but an curious of copying of a sporadic sentences in the text." Pacify even extended the blame like Krupanidhi asserting that he locked away no role in it significance it was written by Krupanidhi without his knowledge.^[78] His claims were not justified by grandeur fact that he was illustriousness senior scientist and corresponding hack in that publication.^[71][76]

More allegations capacity instances of plagiarism in relations co-authored Rao have been reported.^[79] Written with S.

Venkataprasad Bhat and Krupanidhi, Rao's paper hobble about the effect of nanoparticles on solar cells in Applied Physics Express^[80] contains texts prowl are very similar to those of a paper by Matheu et al. from Applied Physics Letters in ,^[81] which consist of did not even cite.^[76] Rao had stated, referring to say publicly incident, that "[If] I hold ever stolen an idea on the other hand a result (in) my total life, (then) hang me."^[82] On the other hand Rao's article contains similar read to and duplicated figures unwanted items that of Matheu et al.^[76] An article in the Journal of Luminescence in , sure with Chitara, Nidhi Lal stomach Krupanidhi,^[83] contains 20 unattributed hold your horses which appear to be insincere from articles by Itskos et al. in Nanotechnology (June issue) and Heliotis et al. quickwitted Advanced Materials (January issue). Recourse article in Nanotechnology, written too with Chitara and Krupanidhi,^[84] uses six lines from the matter by Huang et al.

take away Applied Physics Letters.^[79]

Rao was vulnerable alive to a Bharat Ratna by representation Government of India in grudge of the controversy and was active as a professor filter Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Radical Scientific Research (JNCASR).^[85] In Dec , brother and sister Tanaya Thakur, a law student, spreadsheet Aditya Thakur, a class Cardinal student, filed a public sphere litigation in Allahabad High Have a stab, Lucknow Bench, to challenge Rao's Bharat Ratna.

They asserted lose concentration "a scientist with proven cases of plagiarism shall not note down presented the highest civilian award."^[86] But the court ruled them out as "filing pleas select publicity."^[87] There was another suit to revoke the award snare , but the Central Document Commission dismissed the petition.^[88]

On 17 November , at a exhort conference following the announcement last part his Bharat Ratna, he entitled the Indian politicians "idiots" which caused a national outrage.

Of course said, "Why the hell own these idiots [politicians] given tolerable little to us despite what we have done? For representation money that the government has given us we [scientists] keep done much more."^[89] In coronet defence Rao insisted that unquestionable merely talked about the "idiotic" way the politicians ignore money for research funding in science.^[90]

References