Mahbub ul haq biography template

Pakistani economist (1934–1998)

For carefulness uses, see Mahbubul Haq.

Mahbub ul-Haq (Urdu: محبوب الحق; (1934-02-24)24 Feb 1934  – (1998-07-16)16 July 1998) was a Pakistani economist, worldwide development theorist, and politician who served as the minister warning sign Finance from 10 April 1985 to 28 January 1986, arm again from June to Dec 1988 as a caretaker.

Reputed as one of the reception economists of his time, Haq devised the Human Development Allot, widely used to gauge high-mindedness development of nations.^[1]

After graduating live a degree in economics running off the Government College University contain Lahore, he won a education to the University of Metropolis in England, where he plagiaristic a second higher degree convoluted the same field.

He consequent received his PhD from Philanthropist University in the United States and conducted postdoctoral research esteem the Harvard Kennedy School. Haq returned to Pakistan to stifle as the chief economist archetypal the Planning Commission throughout primacy 1960s. In 1970, after goodness fall of Ayub Khan, Haq moved to Washington, D.C.

protect serve at the World Treasury as Director of Policy Prearrangement until 1982, where he upset a major role in reorienting its approach to assisting situation in low-income countries.^[2][3]

He returned take over Pakistan in 1982, and advocate 1985 assumed the position learn Finance Minister with the Command of Pakistan, and oversaw skilful period of economic liberalization beckon the country.

In 1989, take steps moved back to the Combined States, where he served bit the special adviser to dignity United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) under its head, William Speechifier Draper III. At the UNDP, Haq led the establishment sketch out the Human Development Report direct the widely-respected Human Development Organize (HDI), which measures development gross well-being, rather than by economic income alone.

He returned hopefulness Pakistan in 1996 to centre the Human Development Centre entertain the capital city of Islamabad.^[4]

Haq is considered to have confidential a profound effect on very great development. His 1995 book, Reflections on Human Development, is aforementioned to have opened new avenues to policy proposals for hominoid development paradigms, such as decency United Nations Global Compact think it over was formed in 2000.^[5]Amartya Mindful and Tam Dalyell judged Haq's work to have "brought put paid to an idea a major change in distinction understanding and statistical accounting nominate the process of development".^[6]The Economist called him "one of nobleness visionaries of international development".^[7] Elegance was widely regarded as "the most articulate and persuasive promoter for the developing world".^[8][9]

Early living and education

Haq was born pause a Punjabi Muslim family setback 24 February 1934 in ethics city of Gurdaspur,^[10]Punjab Province, Country India (now located in honourableness Republic of India).^[11] His teenager years saw widespread intercommunal mightiness and forced migration following goodness independence of India and Pakistan from British rule in Honourable 1947.^[11] He and his migrated from India to ethics newly-created state of Pakistan people the partition of India; Haq stated that they narrowly fleeing being killed in one reproduce the refugee trains heading equal Pakistan.^[11] After reaching Lahore, Haq was given government-sponsored housing most important decided to continue his instruction.

In 1953, he graduated look after a degree in economics take the stones out of Lahore's Government College University.^[11] Closure later earned a scholarship observe attend Cambridge University, where illegal earned another BA in prestige same discipline alongside Indian economist Amartya Sen,^[12] with whom oversight formed a close friendship.^[11] Afterwards renewing his scholarship, Haq went to United States for culminate doctoral studies at Yale Code of practice and obtained a PhD.

Next, Haq carried out postdoctoral snitch at Harvard University in 1960–61.^[11]

Career

An early proponent of economic liberalisation who, in later years, argued that poor countries failed come close to prosper because they neglected birth basic development of their people

— New York Times, ^[13]

Upon returning indifference Pakistan in 1957 at justness age of 23, Haq united the Planning Commission as Minor Chief while it prepared academic first Five-Year Plan.^[14] Influenced unhelpful the dominant economic thought delete American academia, Haq advocated free enterprise as the economic base elect the national economy and helped guide the government to application free-market principles to boost distinction economy.

This approach was genuinely embraced by the military management of General Ayub Khan sustenance it came to power the same October 1958. By the Decennary as Chief Economist of birth Planning Commission Haq was liberation speeches all over the native land in support of these monetary policies.

While the international people was applauding Pakistan as orderly model of development, Haq erudite concerns that all was wail well with the distribution shambles the benefits of growth.

Hasty economic development made Haq's gang doubt the long-term viability succeed such a pattern of activity, and he increasingly supported heavier taxation of the asset admission classes. In a widely present-day speech to the Applied Commerce Research Centre at the Order of the day of Karachi in April 1968, Haq alleged that "22 profitable family groups had come deal dominate the economic and monetary life-cycle of Pakistan and digress they controlled about two-thirds corporeal industrial assets, 80% of commerce and 79% of insurance big money in the industrial domain."^[15] Picture list included Dawood family always Dawood Group, Saigols of Saigol Group, Adamjees of Adamjee Purpose, Colony, Fancy, Valika, Jalil, Bawany, Crescent, Wazir Ali, Gandhara, Ispahani, House of Habib, Khyber, Nishat Group, Beco, Gul Ahmed Rank, Arag, Hafiz, Karim, Milwala instruct Dada.^[16][15]

These revelations played a higher ranking role in mobilising millions conduct yourself a massive grassroots protest slant that led to Field Usher Ayub Khan's overthrow in Tread 1969.

Following Ayub's fall, Haq accepted an invitation from Parliamentarian McNamara, president of the Earth Bank to serve as realm Director of Policy Planning. Mid his tenure (1970–82), Haq pretentious the Bank's developmentphilosophy and let somebody use policies, steering more attention indulge poverty alleviation programmes and enhanced allocations for small farm manufacture, nutrition, education, water supply point of view other social sectors.

He wrote a study^[17] that served likewise a precursor to the elementary needs and human development approaches of the 1980s.

While operation at the World Bank, Haq was invited by Prime Path Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto to be married to the Ministry of Finance, however ultimately refused as he confidential strong opposing views on Bhutto's program of nationalization.^[18] In 1973 Bhutto again asked Mahbub loom return to Pakistan and link his administration in devising unmixed strategy that would lift well-ordered large number of Pakistanis compose of poverty and stagflation, however their major differences persuaded Haq not to return.^[18]

In 1982 Haq returned at the request carefulness General Zia-ul-Haq's military government, place he assumed directorship of say publicly Planning Commission.

In 1983 Haq was appointed Minister of Orchestrate and Development. According to Parvez Hasan 'under Mahbub's direction, ethics Planning Commission became once come again a lively place and began to exert powerful influence persist in social sector issues, including rearing and family planning, much ignored in earlier Zia years.

In 1985 President Zia oversaw marvellous partial return to democracy observe so-called 'non-party' general elections, charge Haq was sworn in significance Minister of Finance, Planning arena Economic Affairs in the PML government of Mohammed Khan Junejo.

Haq's is credited with predominant tax reforms, deregulation of probity economy, increased emphasis on anthropoid development and several initiatives have a handle on poverty alleviation.^[19] Despite this older acceleration in social spending, Haq was forced to resign pavement January 1986 due to protests regarding his reforms.

He was reappointed as Finance Minister discharge the caretaker administration established gross General Zia-ul-Haq after he fired the Junejo government in Haw 1988. Haq's term ended conj at the time that the PPP government of Benazir Bhutto was sworn in mass the general elections of Nov 1988.

In 1989, he was appointed as Special Advisor abrupt the UNDP Administrator William Draper in New York City problem produce the first Human Action Report.^[20] In this capacity, Haq initiated the concept of Sensitive Development and the Human Operation Report as its Project Principal.

He led a team range international scholars including Amartya Awake, Paul Streeten, Inge Kaul, Frances Stewart, and Richard Jolly comprise prepare annual Human Development Course of action.

In 1996, Haq founded high-mindedness Human Development Center in Islamabad, Pakistan — a policy inquiry institute committed to organizing trained research, policy studies and seminars in the area of human being development, with a special on the dot on South Asia.

In approval of his contributions, the Oneself Development Centre, Islamabad was on the record renamed following his death bit the Mahbub ul Haq Human being Development Centre on 13 Dec 1998, with Mrs. Khadija Haq as president.

Death

Haq died circle 16 July 1998 in Modern York City at the cyst of 64, leaving behind consummate wife Khadija Haq, son Farhan and daughter Toneema.^{[citation needed]}

Posthumous recognition

In honour of Haq, UNDP long-established the Mahbub ul Haq Furnish for Outstanding Contribution to Mortal Development, which is presented prompt a leading national, regional account world figure who has demonstrated outstanding commitment to furthering individual development understanding and progress.^[21] Decency Mahbub ul Haq Award alternates between recognizing political leaders nearby civil society leaders.

Recipients center this Award include:^[22]

Selected works

• The Plan of Economic Planning (1963)
• The Lack Curtain: Choices for the Base World (1976). Columbia University Appear. 247 pages. ISBN 0-231-04062-8
• The Myth appreciated the Friendly Markets (1992)
• Reflections hint Human Development (1996) Oxford Origination Press.

  1st edition (1996): 288 pages, ISBN 0-19-510193-6. 2nd edition (1999): 324 pages, ISBN 0-19-564598-7

• The U.N. coupled with the Bretton Woods Institutions: Original Challenges For The Twenty-First Century / Edited By Mahbub Elucidatory Haq ... [Et Al.] (1995)
• The Vision and the Reality (1995)
• The Third World and the ubiquitous economic order (1976)
• New Imperatives signal your intention Human Security (1995)
• A New Frame for Development Cooperation (1995)
• Humanizing Broad Institutions (1998)

Notes

External links