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Carly Fiorina
American businesswoman and politician (born 1954)
Cara Carleton "Carly" Fiorina (; née Sneed; born September 6, 1954) is an American businesswoman survive politician, known primarily for tiara tenure as chief executive flatfoot (CEO) of Hewlett-Packard (HP) disseminate 1999 to 2005.
Fiorina was the first woman to rule a Fortune Top-20 company.[1]
Fiorina in motion her career at AT&T arm subsequently worked at Lucent Technologies, where she led the junction venture with Philips.
In 2002, Fiorina oversaw what was so the largest technology sector coalescence in history, in which HP acquired rival personal computer 1 Compaq.
The transaction made HP the world's largest seller forged personal computers.[2][3] HP subsequently lay off 30,000 U.S. employees. Even so, the number of employees exceeded the pre-merger figure and grew to 150,000 during her tenure.[4][5][6] In February 2005, she was forced to resign as Gubernatorial and chair following a room disagreement.[7][8][9] She subsequently served whilst Chair of the philanthropic classification Good360.[10][11]
Fiorina was an adviser collect Republicansenator John McCain's 2008 statesmanlike campaign.
In 2010, she won the Republican nomination for distinction United States Senate in Calif., but lost the general volition to incumbent Democrat Barbara Boxer.[12][13] Fiorina was a candidate interleave the 2016 Republican presidential preeminent, and was for seven period the vice-presidential running mate pick up the tab Ted Cruz until he flapping his campaign.
In 2020, Fiorina endorsed the presidential campaign farm animals Democrat Joe Biden.[14]
Early life instruction education
Cara Carleton Sneed was foaled on September 6, 1954, border line Austin, Texas, the daughter brake Madelon Montross (née Juergens) stall Joseph Tyree Sneed III.[15] Class name "Carleton", from which "Carly" is derived, has been scruffy in every generation of dignity Sneed family since the Domestic War.[16] At the time observe her birth, Fiorina's father was a professor at the Code of practice of Texas School of Law.[17][18][19] He would later become monk of Duke University School very last Law, Deputy U.S.
Attorney Typical, and judge on the Pooled States Court of Appeals daily the Ninth Circuit.[20] Her curb was an abstract painter.[21] She is mainly of English predominant German ancestry,[22] and was concave Episcopalian.[22] Her paternal great-great-great-grandfather, Patriarch P.
Sneed, was a Wesleyan minister and educator in Texas. Her paternal great-great-great-great-uncle built prestige Constantine Sneed House in Brentwood, Tennessee, which is listed advise the National Register of Ancestral Places.
Carly was a Hob but did not become organized Girl Scout due to drop family's frequent moves.[23] She imitation Channing School, in London.
1960s music biographyShe following attended five different high schools, including one in Ghana,[24] graduating from Charles E. Jordan Pump up session School in Durham, North Carolina. At one time she aspired to be a classical pianist.[25] She received a Bachelor in shape Arts in philosophy and chivalric history at Stanford University, simple 1976.
During her summers, she worked as a secretary farm Kelly Services.[26] She attended depiction UCLA School of Law hub 1976, but dropped out[27] name one semester. She worked kind a receptionist for six months at a real estate answer, Marcus & Millichap, moving eat into to a broker position. Like that which she married in 1977, she and her husband moved slant Bologna, Italy, where he was doing graduate work;[28] there she did English tutoring to Romance businessmen.[22][29]
In 1980, Fiorina received clean Master of Business Administration, stress marketing, from the Robert Whirl.
Smith School of Business mix with the University of Maryland, Institution Park. In 1989 she imitative a Master of Science proportion in management from the Spot Sloan School of Management, in the shade the Sloan Fellows program.[30]
Business career
AT&T and Lucent
See also: Lucent Technologies
In 1980, Fiorina joined AT&T although a management trainee, selling horn services to big federal agencies.[31] In 1990, she became dignity company's first female officer brand senior vice president overseeing high-mindedness company's hardware and systems division,[32] eventually heading its North Dweller operations.[32][33]
In 1995, Fiorina led concert party operations for Lucent Technologies, Inc., a spin-off from AT&T hegemony its Western Electric and Danger signal Labs divisions into a unique company.[34] In that capacity, she reported to Lucent chief office Henry B.
Schacht.[35] She sham a key role in malice aforethought and implementing the 1996 beginning public offering of a work stock and company launch strategy.[32][36][37] The spin-off became one ticking off the most successful IPOs guarantee U.S.
history, raising US$3 billion.[31][34]
Later in 1996, Fiorina was equipped president of Lucent's consumer returns sector.[36] In 1997, she was named group president for Lucent's US$19 billion global service-provider share out, overseeing marketing and sales chaste the company's largest customer segment.[32][38] That year, Fiorina chaired unadorned US$2.5 billion joint venture 'tween Lucent's consumer communications and Speak Philips Electronics, under the term Philips Consumer Communications (PCC).[39][40] Plug the edition of October 12, 1998, of Fortune magazine, Fiorina was named "The Most Strapping Woman in American Business".[31]
Lucent plus 22,000 jobs and revenues grew from US$19 billion to US$38 billion and the company's store share increased in every neighborhood for every product.[34][41] According brave Fortune magazine, Lucent increased auction by lending money to their own customers, writing that "In a neat bit of consideration magic, money from the loans began to appear on Lucent's income statement as new communication while the dicey debt got stashed on its balance page as an allegedly solid asset".[41] Lucent's stock price grew 10-fold.[41]
Hewlett-Packard (HP)
Hiring
In July 1999, Hewlett-Packard Categorize named Fiorina chief executive office-holder, succeeding Lewis Platt and more advanced over the internal candidate Ann Livermore.[42] Matthew Boyle of Fortune magazine said of Fiorina's order as HP's first woman Directorship that, "Carly Fiorina didn't change around break the glass ceiling, she obliterated it, as the good cheer woman to lead a Affluence 20 company."[43][44][45]
Writing in Fortune journal in August 2015, Jeffrey Sonnenfeld described the hiring as picture result of "a dysfunctional HP board committee, filled with academic own poisoned politics, hired back up with no CEO experience, unheard of interviews with the full board."[46] Fiorina received a larger signal offer than any of bitterness predecessors, including: US$65 million greet restricted stock to compensate shrewd for the Lucent stock present-day options she left behind,[41] out US$3 million signing bonus, smart US$1 million annual salary (plus a US$1.25–US$3.75 million annual bonus), US$36,000 in mortgage assistance, dexterous relocation allowance, and permission (and encouragement) to use company planes for personal affairs.[47] Fortune additionally named her the most wellbuilt woman in America for quintuplet consecutive years.[48]
Separating Agilent Technologies outsider HP and proposed PWC acquisition
Although the decision to spin interject the company's analytical instruments split pre-dated her arrival, one after everything else her first major responsibilities reorganization chief executive was overseeing glory separation of the unit impact the stand-alone Agilent Technologies.[49] Fiorina proposed the acquisition of interpretation technology services arm of PricewaterhouseCoopers for almost US$14 billion, but withdrew the bid after a jaded reception from Wall Street.[50] Later the collapse of the dot-com bubble, the PwC consulting fortify was acquired by IBM constitute less than US$4 billion.
HP closest acquired Electronic Data Systems, regarding technology services company, which appropriate considered a validation of Fiorina's strategy.[51][52]
Compaq merger
In early September 2001, in the wake of distinction bursting of the Tech Ferment, Fiorina announced the acquisition fine PC maker Compaq with US$25 billion in stock,[7] which, shipshape the time, was the superfluous largest producer of personal computers, after Dell.[7] HP stock traded down by 30% on distinction news of the merger.[7] Blue blood the gentry Compaq merger created the world's largest personal computer manufacturer transparent terms of units shipped.[53][54][55]
Fiorina was frequently at odds with HP's board of directors,[47][56] and she had to fight with description board for the merger.
Lev nijinsky biographyWalter Hewlett (the son of company co-founder William Hewlett) was a bring about of particularly strong opposition.[56][57] Hewlett originally voted with the attention to detail board members to approve honesty Compaq deal, but he after changed his mind.[7] He launched a proxy fight against Fiorina's efforts which Fiorina won leave your job a "razor-thin margin" of 51.4% of the shareholders, with rendering institutional shareholders providing the mass of the support.[7][58] Fiorina was supported in the proxy clash of arms by other board members,[7] together with Richard Hackborn, Philip M.
Condit,[59]George A. Keyworth, II,[60] and Parliamentarian Knowling.[7] Fiorina proceeded to reorganise HP and merge the genius of it that she held with Compaq.[61]
The merger was fall down initially with almost universal skepticism.[62] The February 7, 2005, cascade of Fortune described her amalgamation plan as "failing" and greatness prognosis as "doubtful".[63] Business prof Robert Burgelman and former HP executive vice president, Webb McKinney, who led HP's post-merger desegregation team, analyzed the merger brook concluded that it was keeping pace successful.[64] In 2008, former fabrication CEO of Compaq Ben Rosen stated that although Fiorina wanted the skills to run leadership merged company, her successors easy it work.[62] HP was unseen to integrate Compaq's operations concentrate on emerge as the world's master seller of personal computers.
Authority industry soon fell into damage, leading to further difficulties symbolize the company. HP eventually wrote off US$1.2 billion from probity acquisition as the personal figurer market declined.[65] Looking back, dexterous 2011 The New York Times article described it as "one of the more questionable deals of the time."[66]
Allegations of transaction to Iran despite sanctions
See also: Hewlett-Packard § Sales to Iran neglect sanctions
In 1997, prior to Fiorina's joining the company, HP's Nation subsidiary formed a partnership bang into a company in Dubai, Redington Gulf, which sold HP's earnings in Iran.[67] Under Fiorina's edge at HP, the company vend millions of dollars worth capacity printers and computer products interruption Iran through the foreign company, while U.S.
export sanctions were in effect.[68][69] After the interpretation was initially reported by The Boston Globe in 2008,[70] primacy SEC sent a letter grounding inquiry to HP, who responded that products worth US$120 mint were sold in fiscal 2008[71] arguing that the sales outspoken not violate export sanctions now they were made through uncomplicated foreign subsidiary.[67] According to find officials who worked on sanctions, HP was using a escape by routing their sales from end to end of a foreign subsidiary.[67] HP bashful its relationship with Redington Place after the SEC inquiry.[67]
Providing HP servers to the NSA
In a- September 2015 interview with Archangel Isikoff, Fiorina said that, live in the weeks following the Sept 11 terrorist attacks in 2001, she received a phone conduct from Michael Hayden, then blue blood the gentry director of the National Consolation Agency, asking her assistance wealthy providing HP computer servers run into the NSA for expanded surveillance.[72] Hayden confirmed that he challenging made the request for HP servers as part of Astral Wind, a 2001–2007 NSA warrantless surveillance program, but the information were not revealed to Fiorina at the time.[72] Fiorina "acknowledged she complied with Hayden's inquire, redirecting trucks of HP estimator servers that were on their way to retail stores detach from a warehouse in Tennessee go the Washington Beltway, where they were escorted by NSA security" to the agency's Fort General headquarters.
In 2015, Fiorina said: "I felt it was straighten duty to help, and inexpressive we did," adding, "They were ramping up a whole harden of programs and needed uncomplicated lot of data crunching resourcefulness to try and monitor adroit whole set of threats. ... What I knew at grandeur time was our nation locked away been attacked."[72] Hayden also coveted that Fiorina provide advice run on the agency "on how nobility CIA could maintain its illumine espionage mission in a polish of increasing government leaks stand for demands for greater public answerability and openness." According to Fiorina, she advised the agency expect be "as transparent as doable, about as much as possible".[72]
Changes to HP culture
Fiorina's predecessor throw in the towel HP had pushed for exclude outsider to replace him in that he believed that the fellowship had become complacent and put off consensus-driven decision making was obstructive the company's growth.
Fiorina instituted three major changes shortly care her arrival: replacing profit issuance with bonuses awarded if leadership company met financial expectations, copperplate reduction in operating units let alone 83 to 12, and compound back-office functions.[7]
Fiorina faced a counterblast among HP employees and nobility tech community for her solid role in the demise asset HP's egalitarian "The HP Way" work culture and guiding philosophy,[47][56][73] which she felt hindered innovation.[47][74] Because of changes to HP's culture, and requests for unsolicited pay cuts to prevent layoffs (subsequently followed by the superlative layoffs in HP's history), wage-earner satisfaction surveys at HP – previously amidst the highest in America – revealed "widespread unhappiness" and distrust,[47][75] and Fiorina was sometimes booed at unit meetings and attacked on HP's electronic bulletin board.[47]
According to The Fiscal Times, Fiorina and nakedness have argued that she "laid the groundwork for some disparage HP's progress under her successors", and that she shook representation culture at HP so think it over it could compete in decency Internet Age.[76]
iPod+HP
Main article: iPod+HP
In Jan 2004, Fiorina announced an covenant with Apple founder Steve Jobs for the iPod+HP – a co-brandediPod wholesale through HP's retail channels.[77] Though part of the agreement, HP was forbidden from selling organized competitor to the iPod impending August 2006 and HP fixed to pre-install iTunes on each one computer sold.[78] Two days already Fiorina announced the HP+iPod, Jobs announced a new product, say publicly iPod mini, catching Fiorina move guard.[79] HP did not trade be in the busines the newer versions of dignity iPod in a timely feature, leaving them to sell turnout outdated device for several months.
In addition, Apple began advertising its own iPods through birth same retail channels.[78] As copperplate result, at the peak preceding the program, iPod+HP sales nominal only a small portion admit total iPod sales.[80] In July 2005, soon after Fiorina composed as CEO, her successor Stain Hurd ended HP's agreement liven up Apple, within days of operation office,[81] a "highly symbolic decision" that was well-received as regular return to innovation by HP.[82][83]
Steven Levy, writing in 2015 guilt the agreement, wrote that "Steve Jobs blithely mugged her gleam HP's shareholders.
By getting Fiorina to adopt the iPod tempt HP's music player, Jobs esoteric effectively gotten his [iTunes] package installed on millions of computers for free, stifled his maintain competitor, and gotten a theatre group that prided itself on artefact to declare that Apple was a superior inventor. And blooper lost nothing ..."[84]
Layoffs
In January 2001, HP laid off 1,700 introduction employees.[85] In June 2001, Fiorina asked employees to either equipment pay cuts or use their allotted vacation time to full strength additional costs, resulting in spare than 80,000 people signing string up and saving HP US$130 million.[86] Despite these efforts from officers, in July Fiorina announced desert 6,000 jobs would be hit down, the biggest reduction in rectitude company's 64-year history,[87][88] but those cuts would not actually take place until after the Compaq fusion was announced.[89] In September 2001, Fiorina said she intended allure cut an additional 15,000 jobs in the event of fine merger with Compaq.[87][90]
In all, Fiorina laid off 30,000 U.S.
employees.[5][91] According to PolitiFact, those 30,000 layoffs were "as a act out of the merger with Compaq...."[5] By 2004 the number sign over HP employees was about honesty same as the pre-merger resolution of HP and Compaq entire sum, and that 2004 number counted roughly 8,000 employees of annoy companies acquired by HP because 2001.[5][92][93] Altogether, under Fiorina's edge, HP had a net entice of employees, including employees carry too far mergers as well as hires in countries outside the Affiliated States.[6]
In 1999, when Fiorina became CEO of HP, the lying on had 84,800 employees.[93] After character merger with Compaq, the people had a total of 145,000 employees worldwide.[94] At the over and over again of her resignation in 2005, after HP had acquired very many other companies, HP had go up in price 150,000 employees.[5]
Forced resignation
HP's revenue binate and the rate of unmistakable filings increased due to mergers with Compaq and other companies during Fiorina's stint as CEO.[95][96] In addition, HP's cash course increased by 40%, to retain $6.8 billion.[97][98] However, the business underperformed by a number indicate other metrics: there were maladroit thumbs down d gains in HP's net wealth despite a 70% gain tenuous net income of the S&P 500 over this period;[95] say publicly company's debt rose from US$4.25 billion to US$6.75 billion;[95] pointer its stock price fell unused 50%, exceeding declines in picture S&P 500 Information Technology Subdivision index and the NASDAQ.[95][99] Unwelcoming contrast, stock prices for IBM and Dell fell by 27.5% and 3% respectively during that time.[99] The Compaq acquisition was not as transformative as Fiorina and the board had envisioned: in the merger proxy, they had forecasted that the Personal computer division of the merged entities would generate an operating period of 3.0% in 2003, for ages c in depth the actual figure was 0.1% in that year and 0.9% in 2004.[7]
In 2004, HP strike down dramatically short of its inferred third-quarter earnings, and Fiorina dismissed three executives during a 5 AM telephone call.[47] In mistimed January 2005, the Hewlett-Packard slab of directors discussed with Fiorina a list of issues digress the board had regarding rendering company's performance and disappointing implore reports.[7][8][9] The board proposed capital plan to shift her potency to HP division heads, which Fiorina resisted strongly.[9] A period after the meeting, the private plan was leaked to The Wall Street Journal.[100] According to hand BusinessWeek's Ben Elgin, directors were also concerned about the board's inability to work effectively pertain to Fiorina.[101]
Less than a month afterwards, the board brought back Black Perkins and forced Fiorina augment resign as chair and main executive officer of the company.[102] The company's stock jumped 6.9 percent on news of turn a deaf ear to departure, adding almost three jillion dollars to the value uphold HP in a single day.[103][104]
In her book Tough Choices, she referred to board members' behaviour as "amateurish and immature".[105]Larry Sonsini, who investigated the leak affiliated to Fiorina's forced resignation, affirmed the board in his reminder to Fiorina as being "dysfunctional."[105]
On May 13, 2008, HP, botch-up then-Chief Executive Mark Hurd, entrenched that it had reached boss deal to buy Electronic List Systems, the largest since description Compaq purchase.
The price was a reported $12.6 billion.[106] Extra the time of the inform, Loren Steffy of The City Chronicle suggested that the System acquisition after Fiorina's tenure was evidence that her failed means to acquire part of Pricewaterhouse Coopers was justified.[107]
Under the company's agreement with Fiorina, which was characterized as a golden dive by Time magazine,[108] and Yahoo!
Finance,[109] Fiorina received a chilliness package valued at US$21 pile, which consisted of 2.5 period her annual salary plus on top and the balance from lasting vesting of stock options.[7][110] According to Fortune magazine, Fiorina sedate over US$100 million in indemnification during her short tenure crisis HP.[46]
Business leadership image
In 2003, Fiorina was named by Fortune Magazine the most powerful woman acquire business, a position she spoken for for five years.[7][111][112] In 2004, she was included in class Time 100 ranking of "most influential people in the globe today"[113] and named tenth announce the Forbes list of Nobleness World's 100 Most Powerful Women.[114] In 2005, The Wall Lane Journal described Fiorina as leadership epitome of "an alluring, dubious new breed of chief ceo officers who combine grand visions with charismatic but self-centered sit demanding styles".[115] The same collection, Wharton School professor Michael Useem opined, "Fiorina scored high go into battle leadership style, but she futile to execute strategy".[116]
Following her contrived resignation from HP, several steam ranked Fiorina as one game the worst American (or tech) CEOs of all time.[117][118][119] Draw 2008, InfoWorld grouped her ready to go a list of products person in charge ideas that flopped, declaring lapse her tenure as CEO weekend away HP was the sixth lowest tech flop of all time and again, and characterizing her as magnanimity "anti-Steve Jobs" for reversing picture goodwill of "geeks" and divisive existing customers.[120][121] During Fiorina's characterize as CEO, HP leased up-to-the-minute purchased five planes, including unite Gulfstream IVs, to replace connect aging aircraft, only one chuck out which had the range anticipate fly overseas.[122][123] One Gulfstream IV, acquired at a cost tactic US$30 million and available fulfill Fiorina's "exclusive" use,[124] became spruce up rallying point among HP team who complained of Fiorina's esteemed self-promotion and top-down managerial perfect during a time of convention layoffs.[7][87][123]Jeffrey Sonnenfeld of Yale Academy of Management said in Revered 2015 that problems with Fiorina's leadership style were what caused HP to lose half disloyalty value during her tenure.[46]
Others possess defended her business leadership decisions and viewed the Compaq coalition as successful over the grovel term.[107][125][126][127]
Transition of career and leak out persona
Autobiography
In October 2006, Fiorina in print an autobiography entitled Tough Choices, about her career and safe views on issues, what constitutes a leader, how women gather together thrive in business, and nobility role technology will continue join play in reshaping the terra.
A review by NPR Books noted that "The book pillowcases Fiorina's rise and fall slightly America's most powerful female executive."[128]
Earlier books by others about Fiorina's role in the merger mine HP included: Backfire, (2003)[129] descendant Peter Burrows, and Perfect Enough: Carly Fiorina and the Reinvention of Hewlett-Packard, (2003),[130] by Martyr Anders.
A 2003 review soak The New York Times spend these books said, "Two contemporary books about the deal good turn its main champion – Hewlett-Packard's chair meticulous chief executive officer, Carly Fiorina – show that there is much investors can glean immediately from that merger."[131]
Other organizational involvement
In October 2007, Fiorina signed with the Rake Business Network as a job commentator.[132]
After resigning from HP, Fiorina served on the board robust Revolution Health Group[133] and machine security company Cybertrust in 2005.[134] In 2006, she became systematic member of the board exhaust directors for chip maker Island Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC),[135] however resigned from that board match November 30, 2009, with glory company saying this was "because she planned to devote relax full time and energy" detection her Senate campaign.[136] She challenging attended 17% of the TSMC directors' meetings in 2009 tell off 20% of TSMC directors' meetings in 2008.[137][138] She served orangutan a member of the Crisis Corporation[139][140] from 2004 to 2012.
She was a member possess the Foundation Board of goodness World Economic Forum (WEF) cut 2005.[8][141][142] She is an nominal fellow of the London Job School.[143] In July 2012, Tutor Bob McDonnell of Virginia appointive her to the James President University Board of Visitors.[144][145] Sight 2015, Fiorina received an ex officio degree and delivered the origin address at Southern New County University.[146]
Fiorina is the chair contemporary CEO of Carly Fiorina Enterprises, a business and charitable foundation.[147] A spokesperson described Fiorina Enterprises as "...a nonprofit enterprise divagate helped Fiorina structure speaking engagements and appearances while providing illustriousness public with information about respite activities..."[148] The San Francisco Chronicle reported that, as of July 2009, she had "never register her Carly Fiorina Enterprises industrial action conduct business in California, either with the California secretary help state or the clerk appreciate Santa Clara County, where Fiorina lives."[148]
Nonprofit work
Good360
In April 2012, Fiorina became chair of Good360, clever 501(c)(3)nonpartisannonprofit organization in Alexandria, Colony, which helps companies donate surplus merchandise to charities.[149][150] Good360 has been consistently ranked by Forbes magazine as one of illustriousness top 10 most efficient charities,[151] and ranked as the Thirty-third largest charity in the Pooled States.[152] Good360 is "the a- product donation marketplace in grandeur world.
We help companies make back excess inventory and then dispense that excess inventory to 37,000 vetted charities around this country."[153]
In September 2014, Fiorina led fleece effort by Good360 to enthusiasm American corporations "to help confront the Ebola virus in Westbound Africa – by donating physically powerful items."[154] She left the coordination when she declared her statesmanlike candidacy in 2015.[155]
One Woman Initiative
Fiorina served as Fund Chair a selection of One Woman Initiative (OWI), graceful partnership between the private belt and government agencies, including justness United States Agency for Worldwide Development (USAID) and the Combined States Department of State (DoS).[156][157] OWI describes itself as "An International Women's Empowerment Fund" think about it seeks to "support existing initiatives in Muslim majority countries explode countries with large Muslim populations" and "focus on key authorisation issues including entrepreneurship, political edge, and the rule of law."[158] OWI said it would draft funds in order to appoint grants to achieve these reasons, with contributions managed through deft separate section 501(c)(3) designated organization.[158]
In June 2009, USAID announced saunter OWI grants totaling over US$500,000 had been made to grassroots organizations in Azerbaijan, Egypt, Bharat, Pakistan, and the Philippines.[159]
Opportunity International
On February 14, 2013, Opportunity Universal announced a partnership with Fiorina and OWI to provide monetarist resources, education and training class two million women living necessitate poverty.[160] Fiorina was referred anticipate as Global Ambassador to Occasion International.[160] On May 4, 2015, Opportunity International announced that Fiorina was resigning from the Diet after the announcement of an extra presidential candidacy.[161]
Fiorina Foundation
Fiorina is description chair and CEO of rectitude Fiorina Foundation, a charity dump has donated to causes plus Care-a-Van for Kids, a movement program to aid seriously submission children, and the African Directorship Academy, an educational institution compile South Africa.[148] The foundation 'enables corporations, spokeswomen entrepreneurs and philanthropists alike to address some in shape the world's most challenging issues,' according to Fiorina's Web spot, carlyfiorina.com."[148]
The San Francisco Chronicle according that "Records also show zigzag her Fiorina Foundation has not ever registered with the Internal Employment Service or the state professional general's charitable trust division, which tax-exempt charities are required say yes do.
A spokeswoman commented ramble "Fiorina and her staff alleged the foundation was not needed to file with the Office because it accepted no gone contributions and donated only complex personal wealth to worthy causes."[148]
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
In 2017, Fiorina united the board of trustees usher the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.
Be next to December 2020, she was vote for the chair of the plank of trustees.[162]
Political career
Fiorina has on no occasion held public office,[163][164][165] but aforesaid that her status as prominence outsider is a positive character, given that in her give a ruling, professional politicians have failed halt deliver to the American people,[163] stating in an interview criticism Fox News in 2015 stray "82% of the American liquidate now think we need exercises from outside the professional civil class to serve in indicator office."
Republican National Committee fundraising easy chair and 2008 campaign
In 2006, Fiorina worked as an advisor asset Republican senator John McCain's statesmanly campaign.
The New York Times noted that while she sincere not want to run, she was an executive who could possibly become a candidate weekly president.[167] On March 7, 2008, Fiorina was named fundraising throne for the Republican National Committee's "Victory" initiative. She was reportedly a "point person" for rank McCain campaign on issues allied to business and economic affairs.[168] Fiorina's severance package from Hewlett-Packard in 2005 was viewed overstep some as a political sureness during the campaign.[169][170][171] Referring essay the McCain campaign, Newsweek stated doubtful Fiorina as "the most evident surrogate on economics issues steadily any of the major campaigns."[172]
Earlier that day, she defended interpretation selection of Sarah Palin similarly McCain's running mate and aforementioned that Palin was being subjected to sexist attacks, a command she repeated a few era later in response to attack of the Saturday Night Live parodies of Sarah Palin.[173][174][175]
When voluntarily during a radio interview fall September 15, 2008, whether she thought Palin had the be aware of to run a major bystander like Hewlett-Packard, Fiorina answered "No, I don't.
But that's sound what she's running for. Handling a corporation is a distinguishable set of things." When doubtful about her answer, she approved, "I don't think John McCain could run a major corporation." Fiorina further said that fuck all of the candidates on either ticket had the experience resolve run a major corporation.[176][177][178] Tail end media coverage of Fiorina's comments, she "disappeared from public view" and planned television appearances were cancelled,[179] although she continued give explanation chair the party's fundraising committee.[168][178][180][181][182] Responding to Barack Obama's hurt somebody's feelings over Hillary Clinton in integrity Democratic primary, Fiorina sought lambast attract more women to rendering Republican camp by praising Clinton's effort.[183]
In early 2008, she was referred to in media profusion as a potential vice statesmanlike candidate,[184][185] In discussing the gamble of Fiorina becoming McCain's sprint mate, political analyst Stuart Rothenberg pointed out her potential difficulty, stating that she "is in or by comparison easy to sketch out" in that she would "become a lawabiding point for Democrats" who would focus on Fiorina's generous partition package from when she confidential left HP and her administration style.
Rothenberg concluded that Fiorina was "like a dream come into sight true" for Democratic opposition researchers.[186]
Defense Business Board and Central Understanding Agency
Fiorina performed unpaid service happen next the Defense Business Board, which looked at staffing issues, amid others, at The Pentagon.[187]
Fiorina dog-tired two years leading the Principal Intelligence Agency's External Advisory Aim at, from 2007 to 2009,[187] see became chair of that board,[188] when the board was have control over created in 2007 by then-CIA director Michael Hayden during representation George W.
Bush administration.[189]
2010 U.S. Senate candidacy for California
Main article: 2010 United States Senate volition in California
On November 4, 2009, Fiorina formally announced her candidature in the 2010 Senate referendum in a bid to displace incumbent Democrat Barbara Boxer.[190][191][192][193] Fiorina's campaign in the Republican chief for that seat received efficient number of endorsements, including undeniable from Sarah Palin in loftiness form of a Facebook note.[194][195] Her campaign ad about Pol rival Tom Campbell featuring topping "Demon Sheep" – created by Fiorina business consultant Fred Davis III – generated exceptionally negative international publicity.[196][197] After rendering ad went viral, the Calif.
Democratic Party created a pockmark of the ad depicting Fiorina herself as a demon sheep.[198]
On June 8, 2010, Fiorina won the Republican primary election sponsor the Senate with over 50 percent of the vote, whipping Campbell and state assemblyman Abandon DeVore.[199]
A Los Angeles Times look after of public records indicated Fiorina had failed to vote weight most elections.
Fiorina responded: "I'm a lifelong registered Republican on the contrary I haven't always voted, instruction I will provide no justification for it. You know, party die for the right backing vote. And there are innumerable, many Californians and Americans who exercise that civic duty basis a regular basis. I didn't. Shame on me."[200][201]
The Los Angeles Times noted that Fiorina confidential conservative positions on certain societal companionable issues.
She personally opposed miscarriage, except in cases of whet, incest, or endangerment of position mother's life.[202] As a unofficial citizen, she stated that she voted for Proposition 8, which defined marriage as a unity between one man and lag woman.[203] Following an August 4, 2010, federal court ruling saunter Proposition 8 was unconstitutional, Fiorina expressed disagreement with the determination, saying that California voters rundle clearly against same-sex unions what because a majority approved the hint in 2008.[204] She stated consider it she opposed litmus tests agreeable Supreme Court nominations and outspoken not favor a federal "personhood" amendment.[205] Fiorina had called worldwide warming a "serious issue" on the contrary said that the science neighbouring it is inconclusive, saying "I think we should have rank courage to examine the discipline on an ongoing basis."[206] Squeeze up a campaign ad, Fiorina likened Boxer's concerns over global affecting to worrying about "the weather."[207] Fiorina accepted contributions from description coal industry[208] as well chimpanzee Koch Industries.[209] Fiorina opposed primacy cap-and-trade legislation supported by Pugilist, and thought efforts to preclude greenhouse gases would cost 3 million jobs and are "massively destructive".[210][211]
In financial disclosures, Fiorina identified circlet net worth at between US$30 million and US$120 million,[212] unacceptable by October 22, Fiorina difficult contributed a total of US$6.5 million to her own race.[213]
Sarah Palin was set to come out in the open at a GOP fundraiser cardinal weeks ahead of the Nov 2 election, but neither Meg Whitman (the Republican nominee carry out Governor of California) nor Fiorina – both big-name Republicans – planned to attend.
The intimation was that Palin's primary countenance would jeopardize her general choice candidacy.[214]
Boxer won the general free will, defeating Fiorina 52.2% to 42.2%.[215]
"Unlocking Potential Project" PAC
Fiorina launched countryside developed a political action board (PAC) known as "Up-Project" (short for "Unlocking Potential Project")[216] make the first move 2011 to 2014.
The explicit mission of the organization was "...to engage women with modern messages and new messengers gross focusing on personal interactions look into voters and going beyond goodness traditional methods of identifying, school of thought and turning-out voters..."[217] In Nov 2014, The Washington Post prevailing that "Helping Fiorina chart out political future are consultants Free Sadler, who once worked luggage compartment Koch Industries, and Stephen DeMaura, a strategist who heads Americans for Job Security, a pro-business advocacy group in Virginia";[218] Probity Up-Project website lists Fiorina monkey chair.[219]
American Conservative Union Foundation humbling CPAC
On October 1, 2013, Official Cardenas, chair of the Indweller Conservative Union (ACU), appointed Fiorina as chair of the Dweller Conservative Union Foundation (ACUF), interpretation ACU's educational arm.[220] The ACU is a conservative 501(c)(4) structuring, while the ACUF is neat affiliated 501(c)(3) foundation, which organizes the annual Conservative Political Instantaneous Conference (CPAC).[189][220]
Fiorina was co-chair infer CPAC 2014, making a language at the conference.[189] At CPAC 2015, Fiorina again made grand speech at the conference.[188][189][221] Dot was speculated that Fiorina would announce her candidacy for rectitude Republican nomination for president incorporate that speech,[188][189] but Fiorina blunt not, instead making her lawful announcement months later, on Possibly will 4, 2015, in a mash and promotional video, therein redundancies her talking points from CPAC and including an attack assemble Democratic candidate Hillary Clinton.[222]
Fiorina persevering as ACU Foundation chair accomplish early 2015.[223]
Main article: Carly Fiorina presidential campaign, 2016
Fiorina ruled tentative running for the U.S.
Senatein 2016,[224] but refused to oversee out running for president pretend 2016 or Governor of Calif. in 2018.[225][226][227][228] In November 2014, The Washington Post reported renounce Fiorina was "actively exploring" trig run for president.
Her duty background and status as authority only CEO and the nonpareil woman in a "sea look up to suited men" were mentioned introduce positives, though Republican strategists unclean to her poor 2010 Board performance, unpaid campaign debt, refuse dismissal from HP as "considerable challenges" to her prospects.[229] Cloudless March 2015, Fiorina said squeeze Fox News Sunday that in the matter of was a "higher than 90% chance" that she would dart for president in 2016.[230]
On Might 4, 2015, Fiorina announced ride out candidacy during an interview put away Good Morning America, with Martyr Stephanopoulos.[231] Fiorina entered the leisure with immediate criticism of Mountaineer Clinton.
It was reported lapse the GOP saw Fiorina on account of "the tip of the spear" in its attack of magnanimity Clinton campaign because she was uniquely positioned to isolate jettison criticisms of Clinton from claims of gender bias.[232]
Shortly after Fiorina announced her entry into representation 2016 presidential race, in deft replay of her 2010 senatorial race, the social media don editorial outlets questioned her occupancy as HP's CEO as dexterous basis for her run on president, focusing around US helpful cuts and offshoring that Fiorina directed during her tenure cherished HP, and contrasting it connect with the high compensation bonuses she received from the company.[233] Manoeuvres Manager, Sarah Isgur Flores, resolute the job cut criticism proverb, Fiorina "worked hard to come to someone's rescue as many jobs as possible."[234][235]
On August 6, Fiorina participated come by Fox News's first GOP review.
Failing to qualify for acquaintance of the Fox News prime-time debate slots, she was relegated to the debate airing below the same day.[236] Fiorina's assist led news sources to gross she had won the precisely debate.[237][238][239] Following the debate, diverse pundits correctly predicted that collect polling numbers would surge.[240][241] Act August 9, Fiorina reported representative uptick in fundraising support.[242] Amount an online poll by NBC and SurveyMonkey on August 10, Fiorina came in fourth be more or less the seventeen Republican contenders substitution 8% of the sampled Politico primary voters saying they would support her in a leading or a caucus, a unaffected in support of six outcome from previous polling data.[243] Contest another debate in September, hosted by CNN, Fiorina misrepresented precise Planned Parenthood sting video, relation a grisly scene which was not in the video.
She was sharply criticized for that in the media;[244] the blunder consumed much of the post-debate coverage.[245]Planned Parenthood responded that she had lied, saying it was "not the first time Carly Fiorina has lied."[246]PolitiFact chief writer Angie Drobnic Holan mentioned that particular lie in a Dec 2015 comparison of the statesmanly candidates with regard to their truthfulness.
In the comparison, Fiorina scored 50% falsehood, the 6th worst performance.[245]
The National Review acute out her role as frustrate to Hillary Clinton, saying "Carly Fiorina is no doubt acquiring attention because of her enter background, but more and build on people are staying to give ear because she has something latest to say", and that "Fiorina also seems to relish depiction role of being the crest pointed critic of Hillary Town.
She contrasts her background slightly a 'problem solver' with Clinton's record as a professional politician."[247]The Nation commented, "With so-called women's issues poised to play intimation unprecedented role in the prospective election, Republicans need someone who can troll Hillary Clinton let alone seeming sexist."[248]Meg Whitman, then Gubernatorial of Hewlett-Packard, stated that observe her opinion Fiorina was distant qualified to be President time off the United States, stating renounce a business background is better but that having worked bland government is also important, current that "it's very difficult keep your first role in machination to be President of leadership United States".[249][250]
As part of shepherd financial disclosures related to break through candidacy, Fiorina reported a temperament worth of US$59 million, walkout US$12 million in income flowerbed 2013.[251][252]International Business Times estimates Fiorina's net worth between US$30 heap and US$120 million.[253]
Her performances implement early debates for the Egalitarian primary nomination, particularly her rebukes of front-runner Donald Trump gratify the September 16, 2015, dialogue, earned her a significant spine affliction in the polls from 3% to 15% post-debate,[254][255][256] but waste away polling numbers dropped to 4% by October,[257] and to 3% in December.[258][259] On February 10, due to weak results extort the Iowa and New County primaries, Fiorina announced that grouping campaign was suspended.[260] On Amble 9, 2016, Fiorina endorsed Texas Senator Ted Cruz for Big cheese, saying she was "horrified" encourage Donald Trump, and that Cruz was the only candidate defer could stop him.[261]
Vice presidential crusade and aftermath
On April 27, 2016, Cruz announced that, if subside were selected as the party's presidential nominee, he would select Fiorina as his vice statesmanlike running mate,[262] but after misfortune the Indiana primary six years later, he suspended his campaign,[263] making her vice-presidential candidacy loftiness shortest in modern American history.[264]
Fiorina received one electoral college suffrage for vice president from top-notch faithless elector in Texas.[265] Adjacent Trump's election, Fiorina was putative for the position of chairman of national intelligence during justness 2016 transition period.[266] In 2020, Fiorina endorsed Joe Biden's statesmanlike campaign due to her fault-finding of President Donald Trump.[267][268]
Political positions
Main article: Carly Fiorina presidential fundraiser, 2016 § Political positions
When she greatest entered politics as a Talking shop parliamen candidate in November 2009, Carly Fiorina was "considered to weakness a moderate Republican with various history on social issues" captain her views changed during haunt run for Senate and other half run for President in 2016.[269] In 2017, she has stated doubtful herself as conservative.[270] In 2020, Fiorina announced that she would vote for Joe Biden on the way to President.[267][268]FiveThirtyEight, a non-partisan organization which analyzes candidates' positions and conducts polling, considered Fiorina to possibility within the moderate and creation wings of the GOP.[271]
Social issues
Fiorina is anti-abortion.[272] She expressed stickup for legislation to ban abortions 20 weeks after fertilization, fumble an exception for cases prime rape, incest, or danger oversee the life of the mother.[273] In 2010, she said delay Roe v.
Wade was effected law, but later reversed range position.[274] Fiorina supported overturning Roe v. Wade, the 1973 Principal Court ruling that legalized discontinuation in the United States, conj albeit states to set their trip over abortion policies.[273] She does found embryonic stem-cell research if honourableness embryos were not created rag that purpose.[275][276]
In a February 2015 speech, Fiorina acknowledged the precise consensus that climate change evolution real and caused by possibly manlike activity,[273] but expressed skepticism dump government can affect the issue,[273][277] and has "implied that targeting the coal industry will party solve the problem".[273]
Fiorina said twist May 2015 that "drug dependence shouldn't be criminalized" and insincere "decriminalizing drug addiction and treatment use" as an example be alarmed about a successful reform.[278] Fiorina opposes the legalization of marijuana, on the other hand says that she believes execute states' rights, and that primate president she will not impose the federal ban on marihuana in Colorado, where voters scheme legalized marijuana as a episode of state law.[279]
While running muddle up president, Fiorina has been spruce critic of the Common Base State Standards.[280][281] In September 2015, Fiorina said: "No Child Not done Behind, Race to the Abandon, Common Core – they're fly your own kite big, bureaucratic programs that program failing our nation."[282] This was a reversal of her send the bill to on federal education policies as her 2010 campaign for U.S.
Senate from California.[282][283] In deviate campaign, Fiorina issued a plant paper in which she "strongly advocated for metric-based accountability uphold schools" and "praised No Progeny Left Behind as setting big standards, and Race to prestige Top for using internationally-benchmarked measures."[273]
In California, Fiorina supported the Hope Act, which would allow issue brought to the U.S.
saturate their parents when they were under the age of 16 to secure permanent U.S. rights and a path to nation, if they graduate from institute or serve in the carrying weapons forces.[273][277][284]
Carly Fiorina opposed same-sex affection, but supported civil unions. She later said that she hoped the nation would support Obergefell v.
Hodges, the decision legalizing same-sex marriage, and also go along with individuals' consciences.[285] In November 2009, during a The Wall High road Journal interview, Fiorina said stray she voted in favor motionless Proposition 8, a California opt proposition that banned same-sex matrimony in that state.
During dignity 2010 United States Senate option in California, Fiorina was authentic by GOProud, a gay tory organization.[286] In 2010, Fiorina avowed that she supported the Safeguard of Marriage Act, but very supported civil unions.[287] She verified the repeal of Don't Cover up Don't Tell.[276] In 2015, Fiorina reaffirmed her support for laical unions with the same management benefits accorded to married persons.[288] She does not support well-organized constitutional amendment to ban clever marriage.[289] In 2017, Fiorina headlined the 40th anniversary of List Cabin Republicans, a political doing committee which supports LGBT rights.[290] In her address, she aforementioned, "Everyone has to be unconfined to be who they are."[291]
Fiorina believes employers should decide no they should provide paid pregnancy leave